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只是ZooKeeper有点特别：

key：是以路径的形式表示的，那就以为着，各key之间有父子关系，比如：

/ 是顶层key
用户建的key只能在/ 下作为子节点，比如建一个key： /aa 这个key可以带value数据
也可以建一个key： /bb
也可以建key： /aa/xx

ZooKeeper中，对每一个数据key，称作一个znode

综上所述，ZooKeeper中的数据存储形式如下：

znode类型

ZooKeeper中的znode有多种类型：

PERSISTENT 持久的：创建者就算跟集群断开联系，该类节点也会持久存在与zk集群中
EPHEMERAL 短暂的：创建者一旦跟集群断开联系，zk就会将这个节点删除
SEQUENTIAL 带序号的：这类节点，zk会自动拼接上一个序号，而且序号是递增的

组合类型：

PERSISTENT ：持久不带序号
EPHEMERAL ：短暂不带序号
PERSISTENT 且 SEQUENTIAL ：持久且带序号
EPHEMERAL 且 SEQUENTIAL ：短暂且带序号

ZooKeeper的集群部署

集群选举示意图：

解压ZooKeeper安装包到apps目录下：

tar -zxvf zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C apps
cd /root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf
cp zoo_sample.cfg zoo.cfg
vi zoo.cfg

修改dataDir=/root/zkdata

在后面加上集群的机器:2888是leader和follower通讯端口，3888是投票的

server.1=hdp-01:2888:3888
server.2=hdp-02:2888:3888
server.3=hdp-03:2888:3888

对3台节点，都创建目录 mkdir /root/zkdata

对3台节点，在工作目录中生成myid文件，但内容要分别为各自的id： 1,2,3

echo 1 > /root/zkdata/myid
echo 2 > /root/zkdata/myid
echo 3 > /root/zkdata/myid

从hdp20-01上scp安装目录到其他两个节点

cd apps
scp -r zookeeper-3.4.6/ hdp-02:$PWD
scp -r zookeeper-3.4.6/ hdp-03:$PWD

启动ZooKeeper集群

ZooKeeper没有提供自动批量启动脚本，需要手动一台一台地起ZooKeeper进程

在每一台节点上，运行命令：

cd /root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6
bin/zkServer.sh start

启动后，用jps应该能看到一个进程：QuorumPeerMain

但是，光有进程不代表zk已经正常服务，需要用命令检查状态：

bin/zkServer.sh status

能看到角色模式：为leader或follower，即正常了。

自己写个脚本，一键启动

vi zkmanage.sh
#!/bin/bash
for host in hdp-01 hdp-02 hdp-03
do
echo “${host}:$1ing…..”
ssh $host “/root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh $1”
done

停止命令：sh zjmanage.sh stop

加个可执行权限：chmod +zkmanage.sh

启动命令：./zkmanage.sh start

但是出现没有Java环境变量问题，修改配置文件

vi zkmanage.sh

修改配置如下：

#!/bin/bash
for host in hdp-01 hdp-02 hdp-03
do
echo “${host}:$1ing…..”
ssh $host “source /etc/profile;/root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh $1”
done
sleep 2
for host in hdp-01 hdp-02 hdp-03
do
ssh $host “source /etc/profile;/root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh status”
done

启动集群结果：

hdp-01:starting…..
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper … STARTED
hdp-02:starting…..
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper … STARTED
hdp-03:starting…..
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Starting zookeeper … STARTED
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: leader
JMX enabled by default
Using config: /root/apps/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Mode: follower

ZooKeeper的Java客户端操作代码：

public class ZookeeperCliDemo {
ZooKeeper zk =null;
@Before
public void init() throws Exception {
zk=new ZooKeeper(“hdp-01:2181,hdp-02:2181,hdp-03:2181”, 2000, null);
}
@Test
public void testCreate() throws Exception {
//参数1：要创建的节点路径；参数2：数据；参数3：访问权限；参数4：节点类型
String create = zk.create(“/eclipse”, “hello eclipse”.getBytes(), ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
System.out.println(create);
zk.close();
}
@Test
public void testUpdate() throws Exception {
//参数1：节点路径；参数2：数据；参数3：所要修改的版本，-1表示任意版本
zk.setData(“/eclipse”,”我喜欢青青”.getBytes(),-1);
zk.close();
}
@Test
public void testGet() throws Exception {
//参数1：节点路径；参数2：事件监听；参数3：所要修改的版本，null表示最新版本
byte[] data = zk.getData(“/eclipse”, false, null);
System.out.println(new String(data,”UTF-8″));
zk.close();
}
@Test
public void testListChildren() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
//参数1：节点路径；参数2：是否要监听
//注意：返回的结果只有子节点的名字，不带全路径
List<String> children = zk.getChildren(“/cc”, false);
for(String child:children){
System.out.println(child);
}
zk.close();
}
@Test
public void testRm() throws KeeperException, InterruptedException {
zk.delete(“/eclipse”,-1);
zk.close();
}
}

ZooKeeper监听功能代码：

public class ZookeeperWatchDemo {
ZooKeeper zk =null;
@Before
public void init() throws Exception {
zk=new ZooKeeper(“hdp-01:2181,hdp-02:2181,hdp-03:2181”, 2000, new Watcher() {
public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) {
if (watchedEvent.getState() == Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected
&& watchedEvent.getType() == Event.EventType.NodeDataChanged) {
System.out.println(“收到事件所发生节点的路径” + watchedEvent.getPath());
System.out.println(“收到事件所发生节点的状态” + watchedEvent.getState());
System.out.println(“收到事件所发生节点的类型” + watchedEvent.getType());
System.out.println(“watch事件通知。。换照片”);
try {
zk.getData(“/mygirls”, true, null);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}else if(watchedEvent.getState()==Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected &&
watchedEvent.getType()==Event.EventType.NodeChildrenChanged){
System.out.println(“收到事件所发生节点的路径” + watchedEvent.getPath());
System.out.println(“收到事件所发生节点的状态” + watchedEvent.getState());
System.out.println(“收到事件所发生节点的类型” + watchedEvent.getType());
}
}
});
}
@Test
public void testGetWatch() throws Exception {
byte[] data = zk.getData(“/mygirls”,true, null);
List<String> children = zk.getChildren(“/mygirls”, true);
System.out.println(new String(data,”UTF-8″));
Thread.sleep(Long.MAX_VALUE);
}
}

ZooKeeper开发分布式系统案例代码，动态上下线感知。

服务代码：

public class TimeQueryServer {
ZooKeeper zk=null;
public void connectZk()throws Exception{
zk=new ZooKeeper(“hdp-01:2181,hdp-02:2181,hdp-03:2181”, 2000, null);
}
public void registerServerInfo(String hostname,String port)throws Exception{
/**
* 先判断注册节点的父节点是否存在，如果不存在，则创建持久节点
*/
Stat exists = zk.exists(“/servers”, false);
if(exists==null){
zk.create(“/servers”,null,ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE,CreateMode.PERSISTENT);
}
/**
* 注册服务器数据到zk的约定注册节点下
*/
String create = zk.create(“/servers/server”, (hostname + “:” + port).getBytes(),
ZooDefs.Ids.OPEN_ACL_UNSAFE, CreateMode.EPHEMERAL_SEQUENTIAL);
System.out.println(hostname+” 服务器向zk 注册成功，注册节点为：/servers”+create);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//1.构造zk连接
TimeQueryServer timeQueryServer = new TimeQueryServer();
timeQueryServer.connectZk();
//2.注册服务器信息
timeQueryServer.registerServerInfo(“192.168.150.3″,”44772”);
//3.启动业务线程开始处理业务
new TimeQueryService(44772).start();
}
}
public class TimeQueryService extends Thread {
int port=0;
public TimeQueryService(int port){
this.port=port;
}
@Override
public void run() {
try {
ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(port);
System.out.println(“业务线程已经绑定端口”+port+”开始接受客户端请求..”);
while (true){
Socket sc = ss.accept();
InputStream inputStream = sc.getInputStream();
OutputStream outputStream = sc.getOutputStream();
outputStream.write(new Date().toString().getBytes());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}

消费者代码：

public class Consumer {
//定义一个list用于存放在线的服务器列表
private volatile ArrayList<String>onlineServers=new ArrayList<String>();
ZooKeeper zk=null;
public void connectZk()throws Exception{
zk=new ZooKeeper(“hdp-01:2181,hdp-02:2181,hdp-03:2181”, 2000, new Watcher() {
public void process(WatchedEvent watchedEvent) {
if (watchedEvent.getState()==Event.KeeperState.SyncConnected && watchedEvent.getType()==Event.EventType.NodeChildrenChanged){
try{
//事件回调逻辑中，再次查询zk上在线服务器节点即可，查询逻辑中又再次注册子节点变化事件监听
getOnlineServers();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
});
}
//查询在线服务器列表
public void getOnlineServers()throws Exception{
List<String> children = zk.getChildren(“/servers”, true);
ArrayList<String> servers = new ArrayList<String>();
for (String child:children){
byte[] data = zk.getData(“/servers/” + child, false, null);
String serverInfo=new String(data);
servers.add(serverInfo);
}
onlineServers=servers;
System.out.println(“查询了一次zk,当前在线的服务器有：”+servers);
}
public void setRequest() throws Exception {
Random random = new Random();
while (true){
try {
int nextInt=random.nextInt(onlineServers.size());
String server=onlineServers.get(nextInt);
String hostname=server.split(“:”)[0];
int port=Integer.parseInt(server.split(“:”)[1]);
System.out.println(“本次请求挑选的服务器为：”+server);
Socket socket = new Socket(hostname, port);
OutputStream out = socket.getOutputStream();
InputStream in = socket.getInputStream();
out.write(“hahaha”.getBytes());
out.flush();
byte[] buf = new byte[256];
int read=in.read(buf);
String s = new String(buf, 0, read);
System.out.println(“服务器响应时间为：”+s);
out.close();
in.close();
socket.close();
Thread.sleep(2000);
}catch (Exception e){
}
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//构造zk连接对象
Consumer consumer = new Consumer();
consumer.connectZk();
//查询在线服务器列表
consumer.getOnlineServers();
//处理业务
consumer.setRequest();
}
}

pom

<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</dependency>
<!– https:///artifact/org.apache.zookeeper/zookeeper –>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
<artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
<version>3.4.10</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>